è¬åïŒæ±åïŒãšã¯ã䌌ãŠããåºæ¿ã«åäžã®åå¿ã瀺ãçŸè±¡ã®ããšãæããŸããäŸãã°ãå»åž«ã®åã§ç·åŒµããŠããŸã人ããçœè¡£ãçãä»åéã®è·æ¥ã®äººã«å¯ŸããŠãç·åŒµããŠããŸãããšããããŸãããããã¯ãçœè¡£ãçãŠããããšããåºæ¿ã®è¬åãæããçŸè±¡ã§ãã
ãŸããç©äºãé¢é£ä»ããåã¯ãã¬ãã£ããªåå¿ãåŒãèµ·ããã ãã§ãªããæ¥åžžç掻ã§ã®å¿çšåãšããŠçºæ®ãããããšããããŸããä»åã¯ç§ãã¡ã®èªç¥ã«ããŸããŸãªåœ±é¿ãäžããè¬åã«ã€ããŠãå ·äœäŸã亀ããªããããåããããã解説ããŠãããŸãã
ç®æ¬¡
è¬åïŒæ±åïŒãšã¯
ãŸãã¯è¬åã®åºç€ç¥èã«ã€ããŠèŠãŠãããŸãããã
è¬åã®æå³ã»å®çŸ©ïŒåºæ¿è¬åãšåå¿è¬åïŒ
è¬åã¯ä»¥äžã®ããã«èª¬æãããŠããŸãã
ããç¹å®ã®åºæ¿ã®ããšã§åå¿ã匷åãããããã«ïŒä»ã®åºæ¿ã®ããšã§ããã®åå¿ãå¢å€§ããããšãåºæ¿è¬å stimulus generalizationãšããããã®ããã«åºæ¿è¬åãšã¯ïŒããåºæ¿ã®ããšã§åŒ·åãããåå¿ãïŒä»ã®åºæ¿ã®ããšã§ãçããïŒå¢å€§ããïŒããšãæãã
äžæ¹ïŒããç¹å®ã®åå¿ã匷åãããããã«ïŒãããšé¡äŒŒããåå¿ãå¢å€§ããããšãåå¿è¬å response generalizationãšãããåå¿è¬åã¯ïŒãã§ã«ç²åŸãããŠããåå¿ããåŸã ã«æ°ããåå¿ã圢æããŠããè¡å圢æïŒæ¥è¿æ³ïŒã«å¿ é ã®éçšã§ããã
ïŒåŒçšïŒææ° å¿çåŠäºå žïŒ
ããåºæ¿ã«å¯ŸããŠèµ·ããåå¿ãã䌌ãŠããåºæ¿ã«å¯ŸããŠãçããããšããåºæ¿è¬åããšåŒã³ãŸãã
äŸãã°ããã«åãŸããŠããå«ãã«ãªã£ã人ããããšããŸãããããã®äººã¯éè¡ããã«ã²ããã¬ãã«æ ãã€ã°ã¢ããæå¥ã®æãŠã«ããã®ããã¡ãã«ãŸã§å«æªæã瀺ãããã«ãªããŸããã
ããããšäŒŒãé¡ãæã€ç¬è«é¡ãããããšäŒŒãåããããããã¡ããããããåºæ¿ãè¬åã«ãã£ãŠååã®å«æªå¯Ÿè±¡ãšãªããåå¿ç¯å²ãåºãã£ããšèããããšãã§ããŸãã
ãããšã¯éã«ã䌌ãŠããåºæ¿ã®äžã§ç¹å®ã®åºæ¿ã®ã¿ã«åå¿ããããšããåŒå¥ã»ååããšãããŸãã
ãŸãã1ã€ã®åºæ¿ã«å¯ŸããŠããåå¿ãèµ·ãããšãããããšäŒŒãŠããåå¿ãçããããã«ãªã£ãŠããããšããåå¿è¬åããšåŒã³ãŸãã
è¬åã®å ·äœäŸ
ããããã¯å ·äœäŸãæããªãããããããã®è¬åã®ç¹åŸŽã«ã€ããŠããå°ã詳ããã玹ä»ããŸãã
åºæ¿è¬åã®äŸ
- ãçç¡è £ãé£ã¹ãŠé£äžæ¯ã«ãªã£ãããã§ãä»ã®çãã®ãæããŠé£ã¹ãããªããªã£ãã
- ãé»è»ã§ãããã¯çºäœãèµ·ãããŠããããã¹ãã¿ã¯ã·ãŒãé£è¡æ©ã«ãä¹ããªããªã£ãã
ãããããã¬ãã£ããªåºæ¿ã®ç¯å²ãåºããŠããŸãã®ã¯ç¡æèãªè¬åã®ä»æ¥ã§ãããçãã®ãããä¹ãç©ããšãã£ããå ã®åºæ¿ãšã®å ±éç¹ãèªç¥ããæ©èœããå€ãã®åºæ¿è¬åãçã¿åºããŸãã
åå¿è¬åã®äŸ
- ããã®ä»äºã¯åããŠä»»ãããããã©ã以ååãçµãã å 容ãšäŒŒãŠããããããªããã®æãšåãããã«ãã£ãŠã¿ããã
åºæ¿ã«å¯Ÿããåå¿ã匷åãããŠãããšã䌌ãŠããåå¿ã瀺ãå²åãå¢å ããŸãããããåå¿è¬åãšåŒã³ãŸãã
åå¿è¬åã¯æ¥è¿æ³ã«æ¬ ãããªãéçšã§ããæ¥è¿æ³ïŒã·ã§ã€ãã³ã°æ³ïŒãšã¯ã倧ããªç®æšãéæããéã«ãå°ããªæ®µéãèšå®ã1ã€ãã€ã¯ãªã¢ããŠããæ¹æ³ãæããŸãã詳ããã¯ä»¥äžã®ã·ã§ã€ãã³ã°æ³ã®èšäºãã芧ãã ããã
ã·ã§ã€ãã³ã°ãšã¯ïŒå¿çåŠã«ãããæå³ãå®çŸ©ãæ¥åžžç掻ã§ã®å¿çšæ¹æ³ã詳ãã解説
倧ããªç®æšãæ²ããåŸããªããªãéæã§ããã«æ«æããŠããŸã£ãçµéšã¯ãããŸãããããããã倱æãé²ãããã«çšããããã®ãã·ã§ã€ãã³ã°ã§ãããæ¥ãã°åãããšããããšããã®éãããŸãã¯å°ããªç®æšãæ²ããŠã²ãšã€ ...
ç¶ããèŠã
è¬åæš¡å£ã®äŸ
人ã¯åããŠäœããè¡ãéãå åŒãçç·Žè ã®è¡åã芳å¯ããç䌌ããããšããããŸãããã®æã«ãã¡ããšè€ãããå ±é ¬ãäžããããšã§ãæš¡å£ïŒç䌌ïŒãæ¡ä»¶ã¥ãããããšãã§ããã®ã§ãã
è¬åæš¡å£ãšã¯ã察象ãšãªã人ç©ã®è¡åãç䌌ããŠè¯ãçµæãçãŸãããšããã®åŸã察象人ç©ã®è¡åãããç䌌ããããã«ãªãããšãæããŸãã幌å ã®å 効ãäŸã«èŠãŠã¿ãŸãããã
- ããå
ã¡ããã®ç䌌ãããŠéšå±ã®çä»ããããããæ¯ããã«è€ãããããã
効ã¯å ãç䌌ãŠéšå±ã®çä»ããå§ããŸãããçä»ãããšæ¯ããè€ããŠãããããšç解ãã効ã¯ã次第ã«çä»ã以å€ã®å ã®è¡åãç䌌ãå§ããŸãã
åŠç¿ãããæš¡å£ã¯ãå Žé¢ãç¶æ³ãå€ãã£ãŠãè¬åããã®ãç¹åŸŽã§ããïŒäŸïŒå â幌çšåã®å çãéšå±ã®çä»ãâéŽãããŸãïŒ
ããããã®ç¬ã®å®éšã§ç解ããè¬å
è¬åã«ã€ããŠããåããã®ããå€å žçæ¡ä»¶ä»ãã§æåãªããããã®ç¬ã®å®éšã§ãã
ç¬ã¯ãšãµãèŠãã°èªç¶ãšåŸæ¶²ãåæ³ãããŸããã§ãããã«ã®é³ãèãããŠãåŸæ¶²ã¯åºãŸããããã«ã®é³ã¯ãšãµãšå šãé¢ä¿ãªãã®ã§ãããã¯èªç¶ãªçŸè±¡ã§ãã
ããããšãµãäžããçŽåã«æ¯åãã«ã®é³ãèããããšããã«ã®é³ãèããã ãã§ãåŸæ¶²ãåæ³ãããããã«ãªããŸãããããå€å žçæ¡ä»¶ä»ããšèšããŸãã
ããã«æ¡ä»¶ä»ããæœãããç¬ã¯ããã«ã ãã§ãªããã«ã«äŒŒãé³ã«ãåŸæ¶²ãåæ³ããããã«ãªããŸãããããããè¬åãã§ããå ã®ãã«ã®é³ã«è¿ããã°è¿ãã»ã©è¬åã¯çãããããªããŸãã
åŒå¥ãšè¬å
å€å žçæ¡ä»¶ä»ãã§ã¯ããå°ãè€éãªæé ãèžãããšãå¯èœã§ãã
äŸãã°ãã«Aã®åŸã«ã¯ãšãµãäžãããã«Bã®åŸã«ã¯äžããªãããã«ããŸããããããæé ãç¹°ãè¿ããšç¬ã¯ãã«ã®é³ãåºå¥ãããã«Aã§ã®ã¿åŸæ¶²ãåæ³ãããããã«ãªãã®ã§ãããããåè¿°ãããåŒå¥ã»ååãã§ãã
è¬ååŸé
ç¹å®ã®åºæ¿ã«å åãªåå¿ãåŸããããããªã£ãåŸãäžããåºæ¿ã®æ¬¡å ãå€åããåå¿ã®å€§ãããã©ã®ããã«å€ããã調ã¹ãããšãã§ããŸãããã®å€åæ¯çïŒãŸãã¯å€åæ¯çã®ã°ã©ãïŒã®ããšããè¬ååŸé ãïŒã¯ããããã°ãïŒãšåŒã³ãŸããåŸé ã¯ãåŸæã®åºŠåãããšããæå³ã§ãã
åºæ¿ã®æ¬¡å ãšã¯ãé³ã§ããã°ãé«ãããã倧ããããå ãªããææãããè²åããã§ãã暪軞ã«åºæ¿ã®æ¬¡å ã瞊軞ã«åå¿æ°ãåãã°ã©ããäœããšãç¹å®ã®åºæ¿ã§ã®åå¿æ°ãé ç¹ãšã綺éºãªå±±åã«ãªããŸãã
ç¬ã«ãã«Aã®é³ãæ¡ä»¶ä»ãããåŸããã«Aã®æ³¢é·ãå°ããã€å€åãããŠèãããŸãããããšãã«Aã§åŸæ¶²åæ³ãæãçãã«ãªãããã«Aã®é³ããé¢ããã»ã©ïŒæ³¢é·ã®å€åã倧ããã»ã©ïŒãã®åå¿ã¯åŒ±ããªã£ãŠãããŸããã
ãã®ããã«åºæ¿ãåŒå¥ããåŸã®è¬ååŸé ã¯ãåŒå¥åŸè¬ååŸé ããšãåŒã°ããŸããåºæ¿ãåŒå¥ãããã«è¡ã枬å®ãããåŸé ã®åŸæã¯æ¥ã«ãªããåå¿ã®é ç¹ã¯ããé«ãäœçœ®ã瀺ããŸãã
ããã®è¬åã«é¢ããå¿çåŠçç 究
次ã«è¬åã«é¢ããå¿çåŠå®éšãèŠãŠã¿ãŸãããã
ã¯ããœã³ã®æææ¡ä»¶ã¥ãã®å®éš
1920幎ãJBã¯ããœã³ãã¯çåŸ11ãæã«ãªãã¢ã«ããŒããšããç·ã®åã察象ã«ãæææ¡ä»¶ä»ããšåŒã°ããå®éšãè¡ããŸããã
- ã¢ã«ããŒãã«çœããºããèŠãããšèå³ã瀺ããæã䌞ã°ããŠè§Šããããšããã
- ãã®éãèåŸã§éã®æ£ãå©ã倧ããªé³ã鳎ããããããšã¢ã«ããŒãã¯æ¿ããé£ã³äžãããããã«é ãã€ããŠããŸã£ãã
- ãããæ°åç¹°ãè¿ããšçœããºããèŠããã ãã§æ³£ãåºããã¯ãã¯ãããŠéãåºãããã«ãªãã
- å®éšåŸã¢ã«ããŒãã¯çœããºãã ãã§ãªããçœããããçœãããã²ãã®ãµã³ã¿ã¯ããŒã¹ã®ãé¢ã«ãŸã§ææã瀺ãæ³£ãåºããã
ã¢ã«ããŒãã¯ãçœããºãã¯æãããšããæ¡ä»¶ä»ãããããåŸãè¬åã«ãã£ãŠãçœããŠãµããµããããã®ããã¹ãŠãæããããã«ãªããŸããã
瀟äŒã«ãããè¬åã®æŽ»çš
å ã»ã©ã®ã¢ã«ããŒãåãã®å®éšã§ã¯ãã€ãã¹ã«äœçšããŠããŸãããè¬åã¯ããŸã掻çšããããšã§ç€ŸäŒç掻ã«åœ¹ç«ãŠãããšãã§ããŸããå®éã©ã®ãããªå Žé¢ã§æŽ»ããããŠããã®ãèŠãŠã¿ãŸãããã
èªéçå ãžã®ç¹å¥æ¯æŽ
è¬åã¯ç©äºãé¢é£ä»ããŠèããããéå»ã®çµéšãå¿çšããèœåã«ç¹ãããŸãããããèªéçå ã¯ç¬ç¹ã®ãã ãããæã£ãŠãããç¶æ³ã«å¿ããŠã®è¬åãåŒå¥ãèŠæã§ãã
ã家ã§ã¯æ¯ç£šããåºæ¥ãã®ã«ãåŠæ ¡ã ãšåºæ¥ãªãããšããç¶æ ã«ã€ããŠèããŠã¿ãŸããããèªéåŸåã®ãªã人ãã¡ã«ãšã£ãŠæ¯ç£šããã©ãã§ããã®ãå€ãããããŸãããããã¯å Žé¢ãç¶æ³ãäžæãè¬åã§ããŠãããšããããšã§ãã
ãããèªéçå ã¯éããŸããã1ã€ã®èª²é¡ãš1ã€ã®å Žé¢ããã®çµã³ã€ãã匷ãããŠãå Žé¢ã移ãå€ãããšåããããªè¡åããšãããšãé£ããã®ã§ãã
å ç«¥ã®è¬åãåŒå¥ãä¿ãããã«ã¯
- ïŒã€ã®æå³ã«å¯ŸããŠãããããã®äºäŸãäœéšãäžè²«ããã«ããŽãªãŒãæŽçãã
- 幌å æããã®ã䌌éã£ãŠããããšãéãããªã©ã®åé¡èª²é¡ã§æŠå¿µã®ç解ãæ·±ãã
ïŒåŒçšïŒèªéçæè²ã»æ¯æŽãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãBOUZAN NOTEïŒ
ããããå°éãªæ¯æŽãæå°ãå¿ èŠãšãªããŸãã
ãœãŒã·ã£ã«ã¹ãã«ãã¬ãŒãã³ã°ïŒSSTïŒ
ãœãŒã·ã£ã«ã¹ãã«ãšã¯ã瀟äŒç掻ã察人é¢ä¿ãåæ»ã«å¶ãããã«å¿ èŠãªæèœãæè¡ã®ããšãèšããŸããéåžžæ®ããã®äžã§èªç¶ãšèº«ã«ä»ããŠãããã®ã§ãããäžã§èª¬æãããããªèªéåŸåã®ãã人ãã¡ã«ãšã£ãŠã¯å°é£ã ãšãããŠããŸãã
ãããèšç·Žãç¹°ãè¿ãã°ç¿åŸããããšãå¯èœã§ãããã®ãœãŒã·ã£ã«ã¹ãã«ãã¬ãŒãã³ã°ïŒSSTïŒã®äžã«ãè¬åãçšããããŠããŸãã
- æ瀺
ããªããã®ãããªè¡åãããã»ããè¯ãã®ãããšãã£ãè¡åã®å¿ èŠæ§ã説æããã - ã¢ããªã³ã°
å®éã«ä»è ã®è¡åãåç»ãèŠãŠãè¯ããšãããæªããšãããåŠç¿ããã - ãªããŒãµã«
æ¥åžžã§ã®1ã³ããæ³å®ãã圹å²ã決ããŠããŒã«ãã¬ã€ãè¡ãã - ãã£ãŒãããã¯
è¡åãæ¯ãè¿ããé©åãªå Žåã¯è€ããééã£ãŠãããä¿®æ£ã®æ瀺ãåºãã - è¬å
1ïœ4ãŸã§ã§åŸãç¥èãã¹ãã«ããæ¥åžžç掻ã®ããããå Žé¢ã§çºæ®ã§ããããã«ããã
æçµçãªç®æšã¯ãè¬åã®å Žé¢ãå¢ããå€ãã®ç¶æ³ã§ãœãŒã·ã£ã«ã¹ãã«ã掻ãããããã«ãªãããšã§ããåŠç¿ããã°è¬åã®åã¯é€ãããŠãããŸãã察象è ã®èªå·±è¯å®æãé«ããŠãããããã«ãµããŒãããŸãããã
ããŒã±ãã£ã³ã°
売ããŠããååãåèã«ãè²äœ¿ããåäœãªã©ããã±ãŒãžã䌌ããããšããããŸããããã¯æ¶è²»è ã®ç¡æèãªè¬åãçããèªç¶ãšæã«åã£ãŠããããããã«æäœããŠããã®ã§ãã
äŸãã°æ°ããããŒã«ãçºå£²ããããšèããŸãããã®éãæ°ã€ã¡ãŒãžã確ç«ããããã«ç®æ°ããããã±ãŒãžãæ¡çšããããããå®ã¯çŸæ®µéã§æã売ããŠããååãç䌌ããã»ããå¹çãè¯ãã®ã§ãã
æ¶è²»è å¿çãšããŠã¯ã売ããŠããããŒã«ãšäŒŒãŠããŠçŸå³ããããããªããšãªãå®å¿æãããããšãã£ãç¶æ ã«ãªããŸãããããæã ã®è¬åãäžæãå©çšããããŒã±ãã£ã³ã°ã ãšèšããŸãã
è¬åã«ã€ããŠåŠã¹ãæ¬
ããã°ã©ã åŠç¿ã§åŠã¶è¡ååæåŠã¯ãŒã¯ããã¯
è¡ååæåŠãšã¯ã人ãåç©ã®è¡åãåæããäžã€ã®åŠåäœç³»ã®ããšãæããŸããæã ã®è¡åã¯å€å žçæ¡ä»¶ä»ããšãªãã©ã³ãæ¡ä»¶ä»ãã®2ã€ã«åºã¥ããŠãããšãããŠãããä»å玹ä»ããè¬åãåŒå¥ãšãã£ãåçããã®äžã«å±ããŸãã
æ¬æžã§ã¯èº«è¿ãªäºäŸãçšããŠè¡ååæåŠã®åºç€ãåŠç¿ããããšãåºæ¥ãŸããåå¿è ã®æ¹ã®ããã¹ãã«æé©ãªäžåã§ãã
é«æ©èœèªéçã»ã¢ã¹ãã«ã¬ãŒé害ã»ADHDã»LDã®åã®SSTã®é²ãæ¹
èªéçãçºéé害ã®åäŸãã¡ã瀟äŒã§åæ»ãªå¯Ÿäººé¢ä¿ãç¯ãããã«ã¯ããœãŒã·ã£ã«ã¹ãã«ãã¬ãŒãã³ã°ïŒSSTïŒãçšããŠãœãŒã·ã£ã«ã¹ãã«ãç²åŸãããããšãéèŠã ãšã玹ä»ããŸããã
ãSSTããŸã ã€ãã€ãããåãããªãããã©ããã£ãŠå®è·µãã¹ããç¥ãããããå°å ¥ã®ã³ãã¯ïŒããšãã£ãæ©ã¿ãæã€ååŠè ã«ã¯ãæ¬æžãå ¥éæžãšããŠå€§ãã«åœ¹ç«ã£ãŠãããã§ãããã40æã®çµµã«ãŒããä»ããŠããã®ã§ãå®éã«å ç«¥ãšãã¬ãŒãã³ã°ãè¡ãããšãå¯èœã§ãã
æ¬æžã§éããã¹ãã«ã¯ãè¬åãçšããŠæ¥åžžã§æŽ»ãããããã«ããŸãããã
è¬åã§éããå¿çšå
è¬åã掻ãããåéã¯ãæè²ãããŒã±ãã£ã³ã°ã«çãŸãããå»ççŸå Žã§ã®ãªãããªãã«ãŠã³ã»ãªã³ã°ãªã©å¹ åºãé åã«åã³ãŸããåå¿ã®åºãšãªãåºæ¿ïŒç©äºïŒã®é¢é£æ§ã«ã€ããŠä»äžåºŠèããŠã¿ããšãç掻ã«æŽ»çšåºæ¥ãæãã¬ãã³ããèŠã€ãããããããŸããã
è¬åãšã¯ãŸãã«å¿çšåã®åºç€ã§ããå¯ããããšãæ©ã人ãäœã§ãåšçšã«ããªãã人ãã¡ã¯ç©äºã®å ±éç¹ãèŠã€ããã®ãäžæããè¬åèœåã«é·ããŠããã®ã§ã¯ãªãã§ãããããåºãæè»ãªå¿ã§å šäœãèŠæž¡ããè¬åãçšããŠå€æ§ãªå Žé¢ã§çµéšã掻ãããŠãããŸãããã
ã·ã§ã€ãã³ã°ãšã¯ïŒå¿çåŠã«ãããæå³ãå®çŸ©ãæ¥åžžç掻ã§ã®å¿çšæ¹æ³ã詳ãã解説
倧ããªç®æšãæ²ããåŸããªããªãéæã§ããã«æ«æããŠããŸã£ãçµéšã¯ãããŸãããããããã倱æãé²ãããã«çšããããã®ãã·ã§ã€ãã³ã°ã§ãããæ¥ãã°åãããšããããšããã®éãããŸãã¯å°ããªç®æšãæ²ããŠã²ãšã€ ...
ç¶ããèŠã
åèæç®
- 鹿å廣人ã»ææ¬æ倫ã»é³¥å± ä¿®æ (1996). ãå¿çåŠ ç¬¬3çãæ±äº¬å€§åŠåºçäŒ 14-16,68,69,78,79.
- 埳ç°å å·±ã»é«èŠä»€è±æ (2003).ããã¥ãŒãã³ãµãŒãã¹ã«é¢ãã人ã®ããã®æè²å¿çåŠãåæžæ¿åæ瀟 13-15.
- æå±±å°åãè¡ååæåŠå ¥éãŒããã®è¡åã®æããããªãçç±ãéè±ç€Ÿ 73-75.
- èªéçæè²ã»æ¯æŽãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãBOUZAN NOTEãé¢ä¿ç解ã»è¬åã®å°é£ãã
- åã©ãã®ããã®ãœãŒã·ã£ã«ã¹ãã«ãã¬ãŒãã³ã° ãã¿ãªãã©ãããããœãŒã·ã£ã«ã¹ãã«ãã¬ãŒãã³ã°ãšã¯ã